RUO

Peptisynlab · Research Compound

SS-31 10mg (Elamipretide)

A small mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that selectively binds cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane. The leading reference compound in mitochondrial-bioenergetics research.

Mitochondria Cardiolipin Binding Bioenergetics RUO

CAS Number: 736992-21-5
Molecular Formula: C31H40N6O6
Molecular Weight: 592.69 g/mol
Purity: ≥ 99% HPLC
Vial Content: 10 mg lyophilized
Sequence: D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂

Half-life ~2 – 4 h But concentrates in mitochondria for far longer

Reconstitution 2 mL bac water Yields 5 mg/mL working concentration

Storage −20 °C / 2–8 °C Lyophilized: −20 °C · Reconstituted: 2–8 °C

Route (Research) Subcutaneous Standard route in published literature

Overview

SS-31 (also called Elamipretide, MTP-131 or Bendavia) is a four-residue, cell-permeable peptide that targets mitochondria with extraordinary selectivity. Its alternating aromatic / cationic structure allows accumulation in the mitochondrial matrix at concentrations 1000–5000× extracellular levels.

The peptide selectively binds cardiolipin — a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane that organizes the electron-transport-chain complexes. By stabilizing cardiolipin, SS-31 protects the architecture and function of mitochondrial cristae, which is the structural basis for its bioenergetic effects.

Mechanism of Action — How It Works

SS-31 acts at a single, specific molecular target: cardiolipin. From this binding event, several downstream effects on mitochondrial physiology emerge.

Cardiolipin Stabilization

Binds cardiolipin without disrupting it, preserving the curvature and integrity of inner-membrane cristae.

ETC Efficiency

Stabilizes super-complex assembly of the electron-transport chain, improving coupling of respiration to ATP synthesis.

ROS Reduction

Decreases mitochondrial reactive-oxygen-species leakage by reducing electron-transport inefficiency and cytochrome-c peroxidase activity.

Membrane Potential

Helps preserve mitochondrial membrane potential under stress, protecting against permeability-transition-pore opening.

Research Effects on the Body

Endpoints reported in mitochondrial-bioenergetics research literature.

Cardiac function: improved contractility and bioenergetic recovery in ischemia-reperfusion models.
Skeletal muscle: restored mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis in aged-muscle research.
Neuroprotection: reduction in neuronal oxidative damage in research models of neurodegeneration.
Renal protection: preserved mitochondrial structure in models of acute kidney injury.
Eye / retinal: investigated in dry-AMD and macular research due to mitochondrial role in photoreceptors.
Aging biomarkers: improvements in oxidative-stress and energy-metabolism markers.

Reconstitution — Dilution Math

SS-31 is supplied lyophilized. Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water. Volumes shown for the standard 10 mg vial — units refer to insulin syringe (1 mL = 100 IU).

Bac Water	Concentration	1 mg dose	2 mg dose	5 mg dose
0.5 mL	20 mg/mL	0.05 mL · 5 IU	0.10 mL · 10 IU	0.25 mL · 25 IU
1 mL	10 mg/mL	0.10 mL · 10 IU	0.20 mL · 20 IU	0.50 mL · 50 IU
2 mL	5 mg/mL	0.20 mL · 20 IU	0.40 mL · 40 IU	1.00 mL · 100 IU

Standardized 20 mg/mL working reference: using 0.5 mL bac water with this 10 mg vial reaches the same 20 mg/mL baseline used across the catalog.

Dosing Reference (Research Context)

Dose ranges below are from published clinical-research literature, listed for laboratory reference only.

Phase	Reported Range	Typical Frequency	Vial Duration (10 mg)
Low / titration	1 mg	Once daily	10 days
Mid-range	2 mg	Once daily	5 days
High research	4 – 5 mg	Once daily	2 – 3 days

Half-Life, Onset and Duration

Plasma half-life: approximately 2 – 4 hours after subcutaneous administration in research data.

Mitochondrial residence: the peptide accumulates and persists in mitochondria far beyond plasma clearance, supporting daily dosing despite a short systemic half-life.

Onset: mitochondrial protective effects measurable within hours; functional improvements over days to weeks.

Duration of effect: sustained over the dosing course; effects on bioenergetic parameters typically wash out within 1 – 2 weeks of discontinuation.

Storage & Stability

Lyophilized vial: store at −20 °C for long-term stability. Refrigeration (2–8 °C) acceptable for short-term storage.
Reconstituted solution: store at 2–8 °C; use within 28 days. Do not freeze after reconstitution.
Light: protect from direct light.
Handling: swirl gently; avoid foaming.

Important Considerations

Research Use Only. Information presented is for in-vitro and laboratory-research contexts. SS-31 / Elamipretide on this site is not a finished pharmaceutical product, is not intended for diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease, and is not for human or veterinary use.